Method of casting pipe.



D. B. DIMIGK.-

METHOD 0F UASTING PIPE.

APPLICATION FILED DB0. 14, 1901.

Patented Oct.19,1909.

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D. B. DIMIGK.

vMETHOD OF CASTING PIPE.

-APPLIGATION FILED DEG.14,`1907.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

D. B. DIMIGK. METHOD 0F CASTING PIPE.

APPLIOATION FILED DEO, 14,1907;

937,582.' f 1 Patented 0015.191909.

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DANIEL B. DIMICK, OF BIRMINGrI-IAILE, ALABAMA, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN'CASTING' COMPANY, OF BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA, A CORPORATION OF ALABAMA.

METHOD OF CASTING PIPE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

T 0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL B. Draaien, a citizen of the United States,residing at Birmingham, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of CastingPipes, and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in methods for casting pipe, and itis distinguishedfrom the methods now in vogue for this purpose, in thatthe pipe is cast on end, with the bell portion down instead of havingthe bell portion up, and it also may be used in connection with a greensand mold, instead of the dry sand mold now commonly employed.

It is well known that after a pipe section is cast by the ordinarymethod, and the metal allowed to set, that ity is exceedingly difficultand some times almost impossible, to free the cast section from the sandmold core, in fact the latter some times sticks so tight to the pipesection that it has to be broken out of the same. It is also well knownthat the process of casting pipe sections by the present methods areslow and tedious, especially when dry sand is employed, and therefore,these methods are more expensive than they should be.

It is the object of my invention to overcome these difficulties, and toprovide a method by which perfect pipe sections may be readily andquickly cast; readily and quickly removed from the mold after they arecast; and one in which the mold members themselves are more quickly madethan has heretofore been considered possible.

To these ends my invention consists in the novel steps constituting mymethod more fully hereinafter disclosed, and particularly pointed out inthe claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification and wherein like numerals refer to like parts in all theviews :-Figure l, represents a longitudinal sectional view of anapparatus for making the outer mold member of my mold. Fig. 2, is a likeview of an apparatus for making the core member of my mold. Fig. 3, alongitudinal sectional view showing the outer and inner mold members ofmy mold assembled, and the drag portion of my apparatus in elevation.Fig. 4, is a plan view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, showinglthesectional bell pattern and centering ring. Fig. 5, is an elevationalview of the drag and cope members assembled,and Fig. 6, a plan view ofthe same.

Referring to the drawings, l, represents the drag, 2, the cope, and 3, atapered sectional core barrel. This core barrel 3,.fits down upon acylindrical turret portion 4, integral or otherwise attached to thedragl, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The cope portion of my apparatus is provided at diametrically oppositesides with swells 5, best shown in Figs. 5 and 6, in order toaccommodate the sprue gates and rods. This cope portion ofv my apparatusis likewise formed in two parts hinged together at 6, as shown, and isprovided with suitable securing clamps and also guide rods 7 all asfully described in my Patent No.

680,284, on apparatus for casting pipe.A

In forming my mold members, I may form both members in one operation, bypacking the sand around a suitable pattern, comprising a sectional bellportion, then withdrawing the said portion longitudinally andwithdrawing the bell portion laterally, all as described in my formerpatent above, but I prefer to proceed as follows I prefer to form theinner mold member in one apparatus, shown in Fig. 2, and the outer moldmember in a distinct and separate apparatus, shown in Fig. l. These twooperations are carried on simultaneously, but by two different sets ofmen. In carrying outL this method of making my mold, I employ a doubleset of patterns comprising two barrel members 11 and 11, and two bellpatterns, the one a sectional bell pattern numbered 8, and the other asolid bell pattern numbered 9. The sectional bell pattern 8, shown inFigs. 2 and 4, is provided with a centering ring 9X, secured to the drag1, by means of pins 10, passing through holes in the centering ring 9X,all as disclosed in my patent above. This pattern seats in the ring 9,which is secured in a definite position upon the drag l, and therefore,I am certain of always securing my sectional belll pattern in exactlythe same position at each operation. `When the pattern is thus securedto the drag l, sand is rammed in between the same and the turret portion4, upto, ap-

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proximately, the top of said pattern 8. Then vthis is accomplished, thebarrel portion 11, ofthe pipe pattern is placed in position, as shown inFig. 2, and the sand then rammed up to the top of the core barrel 3. Thedrag portion 1, is'provided with suitable lugs .12, as shown, to whichare fastened rods 13, passing up inside the core barrel and through theinterior stripping plate 14, which is placed on top of the core barrel3, as soon `as the sand-reaches the top of the Seine, 'and the saidbolts 13, are then secured to the stripping plate, by any suitable means'as by the nuts 15, shown. Vhen this J is done, the barrel pattern 11,may be slipped longitudinally ofi" the sand core 16, 'thus formed; thecentering vring 9X, may be lifted oit the securing pins 10, and the'sectional bell pat-tern 8, laterally drawn away from the'be'll'portion17, of the sand core 16.

The apparatus 'for forming the outer mold member 18, of vthe mold isshown in Fig. 1, wherein a solid bell pattern 9, instead of a sectionalbell pattern isru'sed, and a barrel pattern 11", the eXact duplicate ofthe barrel pattern 11, also employed, This solid bell pattern 9, i'sslidably mounted upon a vertical rod 19, vsecured to the bottom of theshipping stool 1", as shown, and provided at its vupper end with thelever 20,'and the securing'sp-ring 21; a rod 22, connects the lever 2'0,with the bell pattern 9, as shown;

the arrangement being sueh that when the lever 20, is manipulated thebell pattern 9, is raised and lowered as indicated in dotted lines inFig, 1. Cope 2, surrounds the barrel lpattern 11, and the bell pattern9, as shown and when the said bell pattern is in uppermost position,with 'the bar-rel pattern 11', superimposed upon it, sand is lilled inbetween the same and the said cope until it reaches near the top of saidcope 2. The outer stripping ring 23, `is then placed, and bedded intoposition, the sand being securely tucked underneath said stripping ring23. Said outer stripping ring is then clamped into position by means ofthe clamps 241. Vhen the stripping ring 23, is thus firmly secured thebarrel pattern l1, is longitudinally drawn out, and the bell pattern 9,lowered by raising the lever 20, to the dotted line position shown. Thecope 2, is provided with the interior circumferential flange 25, whichserves to hold the sand when the said cope is lifted off the strippingstool 1. The outer mold member 18, being thus linished, and the innermold member 16, having been finished in the manner described, the cope2, containing the outer mold member is lifted off the stripping stool 1,by any suitable means and lthe same is lowered down over the inner moldmember 16, until the said cope 2, restsl upon the drag 1, as best shownin Fig. 3.

In order that the outer mold member 18,

will be of the exact form and `dimensions as l the pattern from which itwas made.

In forming the outer mold member 18, as above described, of course,sprue rods 28, were placed in position, and consequently passages formolten metal to the mold cavity were formed.' After the mold members 16and 18, have been broughtV to place, as shown in Fig. `3, the strippingplate 141, is removed from the inner mold member 16, and -th'e strippingring `23, is removed from the outer mold member 18, and la cope plate29, provided with annular under cut grooves 31, filled with sand 32, isplaced vover the two mold members, and firmly secured to the cope bymeans of the clamps 30, as shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6. Aft-er this copeplate 29, is secured into position lthe sp-ru-e ro'ds 28, may beconveniently drawn and spruegates formed, 'through which a metal may bepoured into the mold. 'Or the spr-ue rodsmay be withdrawn before thebarrel pat-tern 11" or the [stripping ring 23, is removed.

s The above operations may be carried out either with dry' sand or withgreen sand. But it is more expeditious and quicker to use green sand. Itis also evident, as above stated, that the two mold sections may be madein one operation and with one apparatus, as disclosed in my patentabove, and

of course either green sand or dry sand could4 be used in that casealso. In order to use green sand it is very desirable, that the innercore barrel 3 shall be tapered, as shown, with the small 'end dof thesame downward. This facilitates the withdrawing of the said core barrelsoon after the metal in the pipe sets, and before it has expandedsufficiently to cause it to crack. By thus withdrawing the said corebarrel 3, it is also very much easier to remove the sand of the innermold from the pipe, than it is in the older methods. Especially is thistrue, when green sand is used, which of course is not so hard after thecasting operation, as is dry sand.

The two mold members being assembled as shown in Fig. 3, and the spruerods 28 being withdrawn from the outer mold memberV 1 8, the runner issuitably formed on top ofthe cope plate 29, and the metal is poured in..After the cast is made, vthe clamps 30 are taken off, thecope plate 29removed, and the inner core barrel 3 removed, and the cheek sectionsopened 'out as soon as the metal sets. This, as above set forth, allowsthe pipe to contract in cooling, and therefore cracks are avoided. Infact, I have learned from experience, that if the core barrel is notpulled out at the right time, in casting short sections of very largepipe, the same are liable to crack from end to end. But each time thecore barrel is pulled out immediately after the metal sets, the pipesections are perfect castings. It greatly facilitates the successfulmolding of pipe to hinge the cheek sections as above described, and toalso open the cope portion of the flask as soon as the core barrel iswithdrawn. I preferably give my cope a taper as shown in order that thesand may be the more easily removed therefrom after casting.

It will thus be seen that by my process, the use of green sand allowsthe core barrel of the mold to be removed quite easily, if it is doneimmediately after casting, and as soon as the metal has set in the mold.The use of green sand also avoids the delay that is attendant upon theuse of dry sand, since it saves the time consumed in drying the molds;and it therefore does not restrict the output to such an extent as doesthe use of dry sand. In fact, briefly stated, my process comprises thefollowing combined features which are new to the art of molding andcasting pipe bell end down (a) the use of green sand throughout; (Zi)the employment of the stripping plate method for the removal of the bellpattern; (0) the employment of a sectional bell pattern combined with alateral draw; (d) the employment of a divided pattern at the bell joint,the barrel portion of this pattern stripping upward, and the bellportion stripping downward; (e) the employment of a removable corebarrel for removal after casting; the employment of a double set ofpatterns for the simultaneous production of the several parts of themold, whereby one set of men may ram the stripping stool l in connectionwith a longitudinallylmovable bell pattern 9, thus constituting aninside or core part of the mold, while another set is ramvming theoutside; andA (g) the employment of a cope plate securely sealed down,whereby a practically sealed mold is obtained, and an equalization ofthe pressures in the gate cavity and in the mold cavity is secured.v Ifthe air or gas is allowed to escape through the joint between the copeplate and the cheek or central part of the mold, the mold being made ofgreen sand is liable to cave in between the gates and the mold cavity.These gases are permitted to escape laterally through the verticaljoints between the half sections of the pivoted cheek members, orthrough suitable holes in the same, and in a manner well known.

Of course I do not wish to be limited to the exact mode of procedureabove described,

since as above stated, the process may be carried out with green sand,or for that matter with dry sand, in the manner disclosed in my formerpatent above, or it may be considerably modified in other particularswithout departing from the spirit of my invention. i

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is i l. The methodof casting pipe which consists in simultaneously forming the inner andouter mold members from a double set of patterns comprising a barrelportion and a sectional bell portion, withdrawing said barrel portion ofthe double set of patterns and laterally removing the bell portion ofthe patterns, then lowering the outer mold member over the inner moldmember and introducing molten metal within the formed mold,substantially as described.

2. The method of forming a core member of a mold for casting pipe, whichconsists in suitably forming said member out of green sand between aremovable tapered sectional inner core barrel, and an outer removablebarrel member, having associated therewith a laterally removablesectional bell pattern; in then vertically withdrawing and strippingsaid outer barrel member; and in laterally withdrawing said sectionalbell pattern, substantially as described.

` 3. The method of forming the inner mold member of a mold for castingpipe' bell downward, which consists in suitably forming said mold memberwithin a vertical barrel member with a sectional bell pattern at itslower end; vin vertically withdrawing said barrel member, and inlaterally withdrawing said bell pattern after the said mold member iscompleted, substantially as described.

4.' 'Ihe method of forming the inner mold member of a mold for castingpipe bell downward, which consists in suitably forming said memberbetween an inner barrel member, an outer barrel member and a sectionallaterally removable bell pattern, associated with said outer barrelmember and suitably centered; suitably ramining up the mold member;vertically withdrawing the outer barrel member and laterally withdrawingsaid sectional pattern, substantially as described.

5. The method of forming from green sand the inner mold member of a moldfor casting bell shaped pipe sections with the bell end downward, whichconsists in employing a suitable drag having a turret portion, an innercore barrel, a laterally removable bell pattern, a centering ring forthe same, an outer barrel member, and a stripping plate associatedtherewith; suit' ably assembling said parts and ramming up said moldmember, then securing said stripping plate to said core barrel,longitudinally withdrawing said vouter barrel member, then removing saidcentering ring and laterally withdrawing said sectional bell pattern,substa'nti'ally as described.

"(3. The method of forming the inner and outer'mold members ot a moldtor casting bell shaped pipe sections which consists in forming theinner mold member with the aid of an outer barrel member and a sectionalbell pattern at its lower part; in suitably forming the outer ymoldmember in a single piece; in vertically withdrawing said barrel member;in laterally withdrawing said sectional pattern while said mold membersare separated, and then lowering said Vouter mold member over said innermember into the proper position to form the mold cavity, substantiallyas described.

7. The method of forming the inner and outer mold members of a moldprovided with a ycope for casting bell shaped pipe sections whichconsists 1n forming the inner mold member with the aid of a sectionalbellV pattern at its lower part, and in simultaneously forming the outermold member between a second pattern and the cope; laterally withdrawingsaid sectional pattern; withdrawing said second pattern Vand thenlowering saidcuter mold member 'over said inner member into position toform the :mold cavity, substantially as described.

8. The method of casting pipe in green sand molds, which consists insuitably forming the inner and outer mold members, the inner memberbeing hollow and formed around an inner core barrel; introducing moltenmetal within the formed mold and vertically removing said core barrelimmediately after the metal sets and while said metal is cooling in themold cavity, substantially as described.

9. The method of casting pipe which consists in forming the inner moldmember around a vertically removable core barrel; forming the outer moldmember around a suitable pattern having a detachable barrel portion, anda bell portion; vertically withdrawing the barrel portion oit thepattern; removing the bell portion of the pattern, lowering the outermold member' over the inner mold member, introducing molten metal withinthe formed mold, and vertically withdrawing said core barrel immediatelyafter the'metal sets and while said metal is cooling in the mold cavity,substantially as described.

10. The method vof casting pipe which consists `in forming the innermold member around a detachable tapering core barrel and the outer moldmember around a suitable barrel pattern, and a bell pattern; verticallywithdrawing each of said patterns; suitably positioning said outermember m relation to said inner `member to form a moldk cavity, Ypouringmetal into said cavity and then withdrawing said tapering core barrelimmediately after the metal setsand while the metal is cooling,substantially as described.

l1. The method of preparing a mold provided with a cope for casting pipesections bell end downward, which consists in forming the inner moldmember between a core barrel and a pattern comprising va barrel portionand a sectional bell portion, and in forming t-he outer mold memberVbetween the cope and another pattern also comprising a barrel portionand a bell portion, longitudinally `removing each of said barrelportions, removing laterally said sectional bell portion, and finallylowering the outer mold member over the inner mold member to form themold cavity, substantially as described. y

12. The method of casting in a mold having a cope pipe sections bell enddownward, which consists in forming an inner mold member between a'corebarrel, and a pattern having a barrel section and a bell section, insimultaneously forming the outer mold member between thel cope andanother pattern having abarrel section and a bell section, removing eachof said patterns from said mold members suit-ably assembling saidmembers to form the mold cavity, pouring in the metal land removing saidcore barrel immediately att-er the metal sets and while the metal iscooling, substantially as described.

13. The method of casting in a mold having a cope pipe sections bell enddownward, which consists in forming an innerv mold member between a corebarrel, and a pattern having a detachable barrel section and a sectionalbell portion, in forming the outer mold member between the cope andanother pattern having another detachable barrel section a-nd anotherbell portion longitudinally withdrawing each of said barrel sectionsfrom each of said mold members, removing each of said bell sections fromsaid members, suitably assembling said members to form the mold cavity,pouring the metal and removing said core barrel immediately after themetal sets and while the metal is cooling, substantially as described.

14. Themethod of casting in a mold having a cope pipe section bell enddownward, which consists in forming an inner mold member between a corebarrel, and a pattern having a detachable barrel section and a sectionalbell portion, in forming the outer mold member between the cope andanother pattern having another detachable barrel section and anotherbell portion, longitudinally withdrawing each of said barrel sectionsfrom each of said mold members, removing each of said bell sections fromsaid members, the sectional bellportion of kone pattern being laterallywithdrawn, suitably assembling said lmembers to form the mold cavity,pouring the metal and removingsaid core barrel esmas immediately afterthe metal sets and while the metal is cooling, substantially asdescribed.

15.*The method of casting pipe sections bell end downward, whichconsists in forming the inner mold member out of green sand between adetachable core barrel and a pattern having a bell shaped section,suitably ormingthe outer mold member, suitably assembling the saidmembers to form the mold cavity, pouring the metal and withdrawing saidcore barrel immediately after t-he metal sets and while the metal iscooling, substantially as described.

16. The method of casting pipe sections bell end downward which consistsin forming the inner mold member out of green sand between a detachablecore barrel and a pattern having a bell shaped section, suitablyJforming the outer mold member around another pattern having a bellshaped section, suitably assembling the said members to form the moldcavity, pouring the metal and withdrawing said core barrel immediatelyafter the metal sets and while the metal is cooling, substantially asdescribed.

17. The method of casting pipe sections which consists in forming theinner mold member out of green sand and between a detachable core barreland a pattern having a detachable barrel portion and a sectionalbellportion; suitably forming the outer mold member, longitudinallywithdrawing said barrel and laterally withdrawing said bell portion ofsaid pattern, assembling the said members in order to form the moldcavity; pouring the metal and withdrawing the core barrel while themetal is cooling, substantially as described.

18. The method of casting pipe which consists in forming the inner moldmember out of green sand around a detachable core barrel, in forming theouter mold member in a tapered cope, suitably assembling the saidmembers, pouring the metal and withdrawing the core barrel immediatelyafter the metal sets and while the metal is cooling, substantially asdescribed. 19. The method of casting pipe which consists in forming theinner mold member out of green sand around a detachable core barrel, informing the outer mold member in a cope provided with hinged sections,suitably assembling the mold members to form the mold cavity, pouringthe metal, and withdrawingV the core barrel and opening the copesections immediately after the metal sets and while the metal iscooling, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I aix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL B. DIMICK.

Witnesses HENRY HIDEN, E. H. WRENN, Jr.

